Pump valve assemblage



Sept. 17. 1940.

J. A. SCHMITT PUMP VALVE ASSEMBLAGE F1106. NOV. 17, 193

2 Sheets-Shea t l W' ,MW

ATTORNEY.

J. A. SCHMITT PUMP VALVE ASSEMBLAGE 1mm Nov. 17, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2add/fig???" MM ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 17, 1940 2,215,017

UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE PUlVlP VALVE ASSEll/[BLAGE John A. Schmitt,Waukesha, Wis., assignor to The Universal Milking Machine Company,Waukesha, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application November 17,1937, Serial No. 175,026

2 Claims. (01. 230228) The present invention relates generally to imtheperiphery of a head of. minimum size, thus provements in fluid pumps ofthe positive disproducing an extremely compact and neat asplacementtype, and relates more specifically to semblage.

improvements in the construction and operation A further specific objectof this invention is 5 of the inlet and exhaust valve assemblages forthe provision ofan improved suction and dis- 5 Such D p charge valveassemblage for single or multi-cylm- Generally defined, an object of mypresent inder pumps, in which the valves are conveniently vention is toprovide an improved valve assemaccessible for inspection or replacement,and blage for fluid pumps, which is simple and comwhich may be quicklyassembled or dismantled.

l0 pact in construction as well asbeing highly ef- Still anotherspecific object of my invention is flcient in operation. to provide animproved head and valve assem- It is common commercial practice toutilize soblage for positive displacement pumps wherein called disk orplate valves for controlling the all valves are of like construction,and which suction anddischarge of positive displacement air may bemanufactured and sold at moderate cost.

compressors and vacuum pumps. Each of these These and other specificobjects and advan- 15 valves ordinarily comprises a relatively lightantages of the present invention will be apparent nular disk or fiatplate, which is normally pressed from the following description. againstits seating by means of a helical spiral A clear conception of severalembodiments of spring coacting with the back of the valve; and myinvention, and of the mode of constructing it is desirable in order toreduce the clearance and of operating several types of valve assem- 20volumes to a minimum, to have these valves 10- blages built inaccordance with the improvement, cated as near as possible to the pistondisplacemay be had by referring to the drawings accomment chambers. Dueto the relatively large di- D y and forming a p Of this specificationameter of these plates valves required for a prewherein like referencecharacters designate the 5 determined cylinder diameter, it is difiicultto 10- same or similar parts in the various views.

cate both the inlet and outlet valve in the same F 1 s a ott V e Of t eOuter head plane directly at the end of the cylinder and ber of a twincylinder pump, showing the valve within the border of the cylinder head,although engaging springs and fluid passages associated such dispositionof the valves is most desirable. therewith;

so By locating the valves in alinement with the pis- Fig. 2 is atransverse vertical section through ton and closely adjacent thedisplacement chamthe outer head member of Fig. 1, taken along the her,the clearance space may be minimized; and e by disposing both valves inthe same plane, the Fig. 3 is a top view of the cylinders and of thevalve seats may be most conveniently dressed or i ne ead e be o t e e pp. Showing 5 ground, and both valves are made more readily the valves innormal position, and portions of accessible and easy to assemble anddismantle. s e of ese Valves bro e aw y;

The disposition of the valves within the normal Fig. 4 is a transverse Vl Sect o hrou h diameter and confines of the cylinder head, also theinner head member of Fig. 3, taken along the provides a more compact,andneater assemblage line 44;

devoid of hideous projections, and reduces the Fig. 5 is an irregularlongitudinal section 40 cost of manufacture of the assemblage to aminithrough the assembled valve confining heads and mum. a portion ofthe twin cylinders, the section being It is therefore a more specificobject of my taken along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; present invention toprovide an improved plate Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the outer headmemvalve assemblage wherein both the inlet and disber of a singlecylinder pump, showing the valve 45 charge valve for each cylinder, maybe readily engaging springs and passages associated therelocateddirectly at the end of the corresponding with;

displacement chamber, and may also be made to Fig. '7 is a transversevertical section through cooperate with readily machinable seatsdisposed the outer head member of Fig. 6, taken along the in the sameplane. line 'l-'|; 50

Another specific object of the invention is the Fig. 8 is a top view ofthe cylinder and of the provision of a new and useful pump valve asinnerhead member of the single cylinder pump, semblage especially applicableto vacuum pumps, showing the valves in normal position with porwhereinplate or disk type admission and exhaust tions thereof broken away;

valves for each cylinder are confined well within Fig. 9 is a transversevertical section through 55 the inner head member of Fig. 8, taken alongthe line 9-9; and

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal vertical section through the assembled valveconfining heads and through the single cylinder cooperating with theseheads, the section being taken along the line iii-40 of Fig. 8.

While my invention has been shown and described herein as beingspecifically embodied in twin and single cylinder single acting vacuumpumps of the positive displacement type having annular disk suction anddischarge valves, it is not intended to thereby unnecessarily restrictthe scope.

Referring to Figs. 1 to inclusive'of the drawings, the twin cylindervacuum pump shown therein comprises in general a main casing or uprightcylinder l4 having therein two parallel bores l5 forming displacementchambers for pistons i6 which are reciprocable in the bores l5 in awell-known manner; a relatively thin and flat inner head member ifenclosing the adjacent upper ends of both of the bores l5, and havinglower and upper plane surfaces l8, E9, the lower of which coacts withthe upper plane end of the cylinder l4 through a sealing gasket 26, andthe upper of which provides a seating for the inlet and outlet diskvalves El, 22 respectively; a relatively flat outer head member 23coacting through another sealing gasket 24 with the upper plane seatingsurface If), and enclosing the valves 2 l, 22 cylindrical elements 25carried by the outer head member 23 and forming guiding and positioningprojections piercing the valves 2 i, 22 and extending into circularrecesses 26 in the inner member ii; spiral helical springs 2'; attachedto and embracing the elements 25, and coacting with the valves 2|, 22 tourge the same against the seating surface i3; and studs or cap screws 28for clamping the members ll, 23 and the gaskets 20, 23 in position.

The cylinder block or casing Hi is formed of a single casting having anarrow flange 29 at its upper end, and is provided with integral suctionand discharge passages 30, 3? respectively, located midway between thetwo bores i5 and on opposite sides of the casing Hi. The inner fiat headmember i? is provided with a chamber 32 which is in open communicationwith the suction passage 33 at the bottom, and with the inlet valves 2!at the seating surface 93 through ports 33 at the top; and this chamberhas relatively large end openings 33 which are closed and sealed by theupper gasket 24 when the structure is assembled. The end openings 3serve to anchor the core for the chamber 32 during casting of the memberl7, and this member is additionally provided with suction openings orports 35 which directly connect the cylinder bores l5 with the spaces 36in the outer head member 23 within which the suction valves 2| arehoused. The inlet valves ZI which are constantly urged against theseating surface 19 by the springs 27 coacting therewith,are obviouslyadapted to be lifted from the surface [9 as shown at the right in Fig.5, when the pistons 16 move downwardly, thereby permitting fluid to flowthrough the passage 33, chamber 32, ports 33, spaces 33, and ports 35into the cylinders for subsequent compression or discharge.

The inner head member H is also provided with outlet or exhaust ports 3?extending directly from the surface l8 tothe seating surface l9 beneatheach outlet valve 22, and these valves 22 are housed within a commonspace 38 formed in the inner and outer head members I1, 23, and arelikewise constantly urged against the seating surface l9 by thecorresponding springs 21. The discharge space 28 is in opencommunication with the discharge passage 3! through an open ing 39 inthe member 1?, thus causing compressed fluid to flow through the ports31, space 38, opening 39, and passage 3! when the valves 22 are liftedas shown at the left of Fig. 5, during the compression strokes of thecorresponding pistons 36. The inlet valves 2| will naturally be closedby the springs 21 and the pressure from within the cylinders actingthereon through the ports 35 and spaces 36, during the compressionstrokes, and the outlet valves 22 will likewise be closed by the springand fluid pressures and the The springs 21 are attached to thecorresponding adjacent valve guiding elements 25 as illustrated in Fig.5, and these elements 25 may be secured to the member 23 by means ofscrews 43. The cylindrical lower portions of the elements 25 whichpierce the adjacent annular disk valves 2!, 22 and extend into therecesses 23 when the members ll, 23 are assembled, have externaldiameters slightly less than the internal diameters of the valves 2!, 22so as to permit free vertical movement of the latter while preventingundesirable lateral displacement thereof. The head members ll, 23 are ofthe same size and shape, as the cylinder flange 29, and in order toinsure proper assembly of the head and cylinder block, one of the studsor cap screws 28 maybe slightly offset, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3. It isalso important to note that while the inlet and outlet valves 28, 22 areof relatively large diameter, the effective areas thereof are disposedsubstantially within the projected bores l5 of the cylinders with whichthey cooperate, and all of the valves 2i, 22 coact with the common planeseating surface 19.

During normal operation of the pump illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5inclusive, the two pistons 13 are being reciprocated at the same speedbut in opposite directions, so that one of these pistons is traversingits suction stroke during the discharge stroke of the other. During thesuction stroke of each piston 46, fluid is drawn by suction through thepassage 30, chamber 32 and corresponding ports 33, past the suction orinlet valve 2!, and from thence through the corresponding space 33 andport into the displacement portion of the cylinder bore l5. As thepiston i6 reverses and proceeds on its discharge stroke, the fluid andspring pressuresquickly close the suction valve 2i, and thecorresponding discharge valve 22 is immediately opened by fluid forcedthrough the ports 37. The fluid under pressure then fiows through thespace 38 and opening 39 to the final discharge passage 3!, and thiscycle of operations is continuously repeated so that the twin pump willconstantly draw fluid through the passage 30 and will deliver the fluidthrough the passage 3|.

Referring more specifically to Figs. 6 to 10 inelusive, the singlecylinder vacuum pump disclosed therein comprises in general a maincasing or cylinder 14 having therein a bore forming a displacementchamber for a reciprocable piston 46; a relatively thin inner headmember 41 enclosing the upper end of the bore-45, and having lower andupper plane parallel surfaces 48, 49 the lower of which coacts through agasket 50 with the upper plane end surface of the cylinder assembly ofthe head and cylinder block, one ,of the fastening screws 58 may beslightly offset '44, and the upper of which provides a common seatingfor the inlet and outlet disk valves 5|, 52, respectively; a relativelyflat outer head member 53 coacting through another sealing gasket 54with the upper plane seating surface 49, and

forming an enclosure for the valves 5|, 52; cylindrical guide elements55 secured to the outer member 53 and forming guiding and positioningprojections extending through the valves 5|, 52

and into circular recesses 56 in the inner member '41; spiral helicalsprings 51 encircling the eleand studs or cap screws 58 for clamping thehead members 41, 53 and the gaskets 50, 54 in assembled position.

The cylinder block or casing 44 is preferably formed bycasting, and isprovided with integral suction and discharge passages 60, 6| located atthe opposite sides thereof as shown in Figs. 8 and 10. The inner headmember is provided with an internal chamber 62 which is in opencommunication with the suction passage 60 through an opening 59, andwith the inlet valve 5| through suction ports 63; and the chamber 62 hasa relatively large end opening 64 which is normally sealed by the gasket54 when the head members are assembled. The inner member 41 is alsoprovided with a suction port 65 which connects the cylinder bore 45 witha space 66 formed in the outer member 53 and within which the inletvalve 5| is confined. The inlet or suction valve 5| which is constantlyurged against the common seating surface 49 by one of the springs 51, isobviously adapted to be lifted from the surface 49, when the piston 46moves downwardly, thereby permitting fluid to flow through the passage60, opening 59, chamber 62, ports 33, space 66, and ports 65 into theinterior of the cylinder.

The inner head member 41 is additionally provided with outlet or exhaustports 61 extending from the interior of the cylinder to the seatingsurface 49 beneath the outlet valve 52, and the valve 52 is housedwithin a space 68 formed in the outer head member 53 and is likewiseconstantly urged against the common seating surface 49 by one of thesprings 51. The discharge space 68 is in open communication with thedischarge passage 6| through an opening 69 formed in the member 41, thuspermitting compressed fluid to flow through the ports 61, space 68, andopening 69 to the passage 6|, when the discharge valve 52 is elevated asshown in Fig. 10. The inlet valve 5| will naturally be closed by thespring 51 coacting therewith, and by the pressure from within thecylinder acting thereon through the port 65 and space 66, during thecompression stroke of the piston 46, and the outlet valve 52 willlikewise be closed by the spring and fluid pressures, and by thesuction. acting thereon, during the suction stroke of the piston.

The springs 51 are attached to their respective valve guiding elements55, as shown in Fig. 10, and these elements 55 may be detachably securedto the member 53 by means of screws 10. The cylindrical lower portionsof the elements 55 extend into the recesses 66 when the member 41, 53are assembled, and the elements have external diameters slightly lessthan the internal diameters of the corresponding valves 5|, 52 so as topermit free vertical movement of the latter while preventing undesirablelateral displacement thereof. The head members 41, 53 are of the sameexternal size and shape, as the upper end of the cylinder 44, and inorder to insure proper as shown in Figs. 6 and 8. It is also noteworthythat while the inlet and outlet valves 5|, 52 are of relatively largediameter, the efiective areas thereof are located substantially withinthe projected bore 45 of the cylinder 44, and both of the valves 5|, 52are of identical construction and coact with the common plane seatingsurface 49.

During normal operation of the pump illustrated in Figs. 6 to 10inclusive, the piston 46 is being reciprocated, and during the suctionstroke of this piston, fluid is drawn by suction through the passage 66,opening 59, chamber 62, and ports 63, past the inlet valve 5i, and fromthence through the space 66 and port 65 into the displacement chamber ofthe cylinder. As the piston 46 reverses its direction of travel andproceeds in the opposite direction, the fluid and spring pressuresquickly close the suction valve 5| and the discharge valve 52 isimmediately opened by the fluid being forced through the ports 61. Thefluid under pressure, after passing the outlet valve 52, flows throughthe space 68, and opening 69 to the flnal discharge passage 6|, and thecycle of operations is continuously repeated in a well-known manner.

From the foregoing detailed description of the twin and single cylinderpumps, it will be apparent that the present invention provides anextremely simple, compact and emcient assemblage wherein the clearancevolumes are reduced to a minimum by virtue of the location of the inletand discharge valves closely adjacent to the displacement chamber. Theinner head member in each case may be readily manufactured by virtue ofthe location of all of the valve seatings in a common plane, thuspermitting simultaneous grinding or dressing of all of the valve seatswith a single operation. The provision of the outer head member with thevalve guides and springs attached directly thereto, obviouslyfacilitates assembly and dismantling of the structure, and not onlypermits convenient access to the valves, but to the interior of thecylinder as well. The improved structure also permits the use of valvesof identical and interchangeable construction, both for inlet andexhaust purposes, andthe improved head assemblage is obviously devoid ofunsightly projections extending beyond the cylinder head flange. Myinvention permits the use of desirably large disk valves for the purposeof controlling the suction and discharge, while maintaining these valveseffectively confined within the confines of a relatively small headstructure, and the improvement has proven highly successful in actualcommercial use, especially in conjunction with vacuum pumps for milkingmachines or the like.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit this inventionto the exact details of construction or to the precise mode ofoperation, herein shown and described, for various modiflcations withinthe scope of the claims may occur to persons skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. In combination, a pump cylinder having a bore, a relatively thin andflat one-piece seating member coacting with said cylinder to enclosesaid bore, said member being provided with suction and discharge portsdisposed entirely within the projected area of said bore and having asingle outer plane bounding surface and being devoid of projectionsextending outwardly beyond the plane of said surface, independentinterchangeably similar inlet and outlet disk Valves all normallyseating directly on said surface at said ports and being guided forbodily movement away from and parallel to said surface during openingthereof, and a one-piece closure member enclosing said valves insegregated chambers and having a plane surface coacting with saidseating member surface around and closely adjacent to each of saidvalves, said valves being located closely adjacent to each other andapproximately within the projected area of said bore.

2. In combination, a pump cylinder having a bore, a relatively thin andflat one-piece seating member coacting with said cylinder to enclosesaid bore, said member being provided with suction and discharge portsdisposed entirely within the projected area of said bore and havingasingle outer plane bounding surface and bemovement away from andparallel to said surface during opening thereof, independentinterchangeably similar helical spiral springs coacting with said valvesto urge the same toward said surface, and a one-piece closure memberenclosing said valves and springs in segregated chambers and having aplane surface coacting with said seating member surface around andclosely adjacent to each of said valves and its spring, said valvesbeing located closely adjacent to each other and approximately within thprojected area of said bore.

JOHN A. SCHMITT.

